Corruption and Accountability in Indian Politics

Abstract

This study examines the complex relationship between corruption and accountability mechanisms in Indian politics through a comprehensive analysis of empirical data from 2020-2022. The research employs a mixed-methods approach utilizing secondary data analysis, comparative statistical methods, and institutional analysis to investigate corruption trends across Indian states and evaluate accountability framework effectiveness. The primary objective is to assess the correlation between various accountability institutions and corruption control mechanisms in India's democratic system. Key hypotheses examine the relationship between Right to Information (RTI) Act usage, Central Vigilance Commission interventions, judicial accountability measures, and corruption perception indices. Results demonstrate that Maharashtra recorded the highest corruption cases (749 in 2022), while India's Corruption Perception Index score remained stagnant at 38-39 points (2020-2022), ranking 85th-96th globally. Statistical analysis reveals significant correlations between institutional capacity, transparency mechanisms, and corruption control. The RTI Act processed over 6 million applications annually, indicating strong citizen engagement despite persistent challenges. Findings suggest that while accountability frameworks exist, implementation gaps and institutional weaknesses continue to undermine anti-corruption efforts. The study concludes that enhanced coordination between accountability institutions, strengthened judicial processes, and improved transparency mechanisms are essential for effective corruption control in Indian democracy.