Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling is used to examine the effects of various variables on the efficiency of horizontal wind turbines.

Abstract

The use of renewable energy sources as a substitute for conventional power plants that
rely on fossil fuels and nuclear fuels is gaining a lot of attention. Wind energy is one of the most
widely adopted renewable energy sources, with installations in a number of nations. Variables in the
horizontal axis wind turbine's aerodynamic properties and layout abound. Environmental factors,
blade shape, airfoil arrangement, and tip speed ratio are only few of the main sensitive aspects
discussed in this work that impact the aerodynamic performance of the horizontal wind turbine.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling is used to estimate the flow around a horizontal
wind turbine, and this article discusses the many turbulence models that may be used for this
purpose. Lastly, the difficulties and final thoughts for future research paths in wind turbine design are
presented.