Youth Engagement in Indian Politics: Prospects, Challenges, and Policy Impact

Abstract

Youth engagement in Indian politics constitutes a critical determinant of the nation's democratic trajectory. With approximately 65% of India's population below the age of 35, the youth demographic represents an unparalleled electoral force capable of shaping governance outcomes (Kumar, 2014). This paper examines the multidimensional nature of youth political participation in India by analysing voter turnout patterns, the role of social media in political mobilisation, institutional barriers, and the policy interventions designed to enhance civic engagement among young citizens. Drawing on data sourced from the Election Commission of India (ECI), Lokniti–Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS), and the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), the study adopts a secondary data-driven approach covering the period 2009–2022. The hypothesis posits that structured policy interventions and digital mobilisation positively influence youth voter turnout, yet socio-economic disparities and institutional gaps continue to moderate this relationship. Findings reveal significant increases in first-time voter registration and digital political engagement, though substantive challenges in translating online activism into electoral participation persist.